BONHOEFFER BIBLIOGRAPHY: PRIMARY SOURCES AND SECONDARY LITERATURE IN ENGLISH

Prepared by Stephen Haynes

PRIMARY SOURCES

“Primary excerpts from Correspondence between Karl Barth and Dietrich Bonhoeffer.” In T&T Clark Reader in Political Theology, edited by Elizabeth Phillips, Anna Rowlands and Amy Daughton. London: Bloomsbury T&T Clark, 2021.

Bonhoeffer, Dietrich. “State and Church.” In Eerdmans Reader in Contemporary Political Theology, edited by William T. Cavanaugh, Jeffrey W. Bailey & Craig Hovey, 286-302. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2012.

Bonhoeffer, Dietrich. The Extraordinariness of the Christian Life: A Bible Study of the Sermon on the Mount. A selection by Thomas Wieser of Chapter 6 of the 1959 SCM edition of The Cost of Discipleship [cp. DBWE 4: 100-182]. New York: National Student Christian Federation, 1964.

Bonhoeffer, Dietrich. Meditations on the Cross. Edited by Manfred Weber. Translated by Douglass W. Stott. Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press, 1998.

SECONDARY SOURCES

Allen-Jones, A. Dietrich Bonhoeffer Biography: A Brief Review Toward Understanding Bonhoeffer. American Library Association, ALA Publishing. 2016, 2020.

Banman, Joel. Reading in the Presence of Christ: A Study of Dietrich Bonhoeffer’s Bibliology and Exegesis. London: T. & T. Clark, 2020.

Barnett, Victoria J. “Bonhoeffer Is Widely Beloved. But to Fully Understand Him We Should First Dial Back the Hero Worship.” Washington Post (April 9, 2015).

Barnett, Victoria J. “The Ecumenical and Interfaith Landscape in Bonhoeffer’s Times.” The Ecumenical Review 67:2 (2015).

Benge, Janet and Geoff Benge.  Dietrich Bonhoeffer: In the Midst of Wickedness. Seattle: YWAM Publishing, 2012.

Bethge, Eberhard. “Dietrich Bonhoeffer: A Biographical Sketch.” In Dietrich Bonhoeffer, Psalms: The Prayer Book of the Bible, 66-86. Minneapolis: Augsburg Fortress, 1970.

Bethge, Eberhard. “Foreword” to William Kuhns, In Pursuit of Dietrich Bonhoeffer, ix-x. Dayton, Ohio: Pflaum Press, 1967.

Braverman, Mark. “Theology in the Shadow of the Holocaust: Revisiting Bonhoeffer and the Jews.” Theology Today 79:2 (2022): 146-165.

Brown, Petra, and Patrick Stokes. “Bonhoeffer and Løgstrup: The Ethics of Disclosure in a State of Exception.” Sophia 59:2 (2020): 229-46.

Brueggemann, Walter. “Introduction” to Dietrich Bonhoeffer, Psalms. The Prayer Book of the Bible. New edition with introduction by Walter Brueggemann, 1-7. Minneapolis: Broadleaf Books, 2022.

Burke, Meaghan. “Art Together, Prayer Together: Relational and Revelatory Practices of Joseph Beuys, Dietrich Bonhoeffer and Leslie Iwai.” Religions 14:1(2023).

Byle, Nik. Dietrich Bonhoeffer’s Christological Reinterpretation of Heidegger. Lanham: Lexington Books, 2021.

Cahill, Lisa Sowle. “Dietrich Bonhoeffer (1906-45).” In Blessed are the Peacemakers.  Pacifism. Just War, and Peacebuilding, 297-305.Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2019.

Caldas, Carlos. “Mad Max and Dietrich Bonhoeffer: Two Views on the Future of the World.” The Bonhoeffer Legacy. An International Journal 8:2 (2020): 61-76.

Campbell, John. “The Journey Inward: what is ‘Religionless Christianity’?” The Transylvania Times (November 15, 2022).

Casper, Jason. “Do Russian Christians Need More Bonhoeffers?” Christianity Today (March 11, 2022).

Chandler, Andrew. “The Quest for the Historical Dietrich Bonhoeffer.” Journal of Ecclesiastical History 1 (January 2003): 89-96.

Clark, David A. R. “Bonhoeffer’s Christological Interpretation of the Psalms: Tensions, Subjectivity, and the Voice of Christ.” Pro Ecclesia 31:2 (May 2022): 175-195.

Clark, David A. R. “Dietrich Bonhoeffer, Prayerbook of the Bible, and the Reichsschrifttumskammer (RSK): Reassessing the Historical Record.” Studies in Christian-Jewish Relations 17:1 (2022): 1-19.

Clark, David A. R. “Psalm 74:8 and November 1938: Rereading Dietrich Bonhoeffer’s Kristallnacht Annotation in Its Interpretive Context.” Scottish Journal of Theology 71.3 (August 2018): 259-260.

Clements, Keith. Appointments with Bonhoeffer: Personal Faith and Public Responsibility in a Fragmenting World. London: T&T Clark, 2022.

Clements, Keith. “‘This is My World’: The Intentionality of Bonhoeffer’s Preaching in London 1933-1935.” In Florian Schmitz and Christiane Tietz, eds., Dietrich Bonhoeffer’s Christentum: Festschrift für Christian Gremmels,  17-36.Gütersloh: Gütersloher Verlagshaus, 2011.

Coady, C.A.J.  “Moralism and Anti-Moralism: Aspects of Bonhoeffer’s Christian Ethic.” Sophia 51.4 (2012): 449-464.

Coles, Robert. “Dietrich Bonhoeffer: The Will and Moral Transcendence.” In Robert Coles, Lives of Moral Leadership: Men and Women Who Have Made a Difference, 198-203.  New York: Random House, 2000.

Cornwall, Robert D. “Review: Bonhoeffer’s Religionless Christianity in its Christological Context.” Word and Way (August 30, 2022): 1-6.

Dahill, Lisa. “Firm Grounding.  Bonhoeffer, Place and Coming Home to Reality.” The Bonhoeffer Legacy. An International Journal 8.2 (2020): 21-42.

Day, Katie. “Bonhoeffer and the Way of Peace: Lutheran Legacy of Peacemaking.” Living Lutheran (May 7, 2018).

De Graaff, Guido. “A Story of Friendship: Bell and Bonhoeffer.” In Politics in Friendship. A Theological Account, 39-62. London: Bloomsbury T&T Clark, 2014.

De Gruchy, John W. “Being Christian: Being Human. Interpreting Sanctification in a ‘Worldly’ Way.” In Florian Schmitz and Christiane Tietz, eds., Dietrich Bonhoeffer’s Christentum.  Festschrift fur Christian Gremmels, 37-47. Gütersloh: Gütersloher Verlagshaus, 2011.

De Gruchy, John W. Faith Facing Reality: Stirring Up Discussion with Bonhoeffer. Eugene, OR. Wipf and Stock, 2022.

DeJonge, Michael. “What are Bonhoeffer’s Mandates? A Socio-Structural Account.” Kerygma und Dogma 68.3 (2022): 250-262.

Dei, Daniel and Dennis E. Akawobsa. “Dietrich Bonhoeffer’s Perspective on Racism.” Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies 78:1 (2022): 1-7.

De Lange, Frits. “Speaking Differently about God: Bonhoeffer and the Future of Christianity in Post-secular Europe. In Florian Schmitz and Christiane Tietz, eds., Dietrich Bonhoeffer’s Christentum: Festschrift für Christian Gremmels, 17-36. Gütersloh: Gütersloher Verlagshaus, 2011.

Dorrien, Gary. “Bonhoeffer: Secularity and Revelation Positivism.” In Dorrien, The Barthian Revolt in Modern Theology, 149-157. Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press, 2000.

Duff, Nancy J. “Dietrich Bonhoeffer’s Theological Ethic.” The Princeton Seminary Bulletin 15.3 (1994): 263-273.

Dunkel, Tom. White Knights in the Black Orchestra: The Extraordinary Story of the Germans Who Resisted Hitler. New York: Hachette, 2022.

Eller, Vernard Marion. “The Course of Discipleship (Nachfolge) Without Apologies to Bonhoeffer.” Brethren Life 26 (Winter 1981): 7–13.

Elshtain, Jean Bethke. “Bonhoeffer on Modernity: ‘Sic et Non’.” Journal of Religious Ethics 29.3 (2001): 345-366.

Flanagan, Robert. Not for Dietrich Bonhoeffer. Trumansburg, NY: New/Books, 1969.

Franklin Patrick S. “Bonhoeffer’s Missional Ecclesiology.” McMaster Journal of Theology and Ministry 9 (2007-2008): 96-128.

Franklin, Patrick S. “Destruction and Restoration of Genuine Human Community in Dietrich Bonhoeffer’s Creation and Fall.” In Community: Biblical and Theological Reflections in Honor of August H. Konkel, edited by Rick Wadholm Jr. and Meghan D. Musy, 226-254. Eugene, OR: Pickwick Publications, 2022.

Franklin, Patrick S. “Bonhoeffer’s Missional Ecclesiology.” McMaster Journal of Theology and Ministry 9 (2007-2008): 96-128.

Gavin, Samantha. “Dietrich Bonhoeffer, Christian Resistance and Ethics in Nazi Germany. What is the Significance of Bonhoeffer?” Dissertation, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand, 2014.

Gides, David. “Parts for the System: Bonhoeffer and the Liberation Theologians.” Paper delivered at the American Academy of Religion Annual Meeting, Denver, November 2022.

Gilbert, Felix.  “Dietrich Bonhoeffer.” In Felix Gilbert, A European Past. Memoirs 1905-1945, 92-97. New York: Norton, 1988.

Gingles, Dallas. “Justifications and Judgments: Walzer, Bonhoeffer, and the Problem of Dirty Hands.” Journal of the Society of Christian Ethics, 37:1 (2017): 82-98.

Gingles, Dallas. “Christ, Intrinsic Laws, and Guilt in Bonhoeffer’s ‘History and the Good 2’.” Paper delivered at the American Academy of Religion Annual Meeting, Denver, November 2022.

Gould, James B. “Bonhoeffer and Open Theism.” Philosophy and Theology 15:1 (2003): 57-91.

Grebe, Matthias, Nadine Hamilton, and Christian Schlenker, eds. Bonhoeffer and Christology: Revisiting Chalcedon. London, Bloomsbury, T&T Clark, 2023.

Green, Clifford. “Eberhard Bethge in the English-Speaking World.” In Florian Schmitz and Christiane Tietz, eds., Dietrich Bonhoeffers Christentum: Festschrift für Christian Gremmels, 62-71. Gütersloh: Gutersloher Verlagshaus, 2011.

Harmakaputra, Hans. “Bonhoeffer, Sainthood, and Islam: A Comparative Theology of Sanctity as a Liminal Space.” Paper delivered at the American Academy of Religion Annual Meeting, Denver, November 2022.

Harmakaputra, Hans. “Worldly Saint, Political Saint: Revisiting the Christian Notion of Holiness.” Paper delivered at the American Academy of Religion Annual Meeting, Denver, November 2022.

Hassell, Michael R. “Three Choral Reflections on Writings of Dietrich Bonhoeffer.” Music and adapted text copyright Michael Hassell, 2000.

Herzfeld, Noreen. “’I Can’t Breathe’: The Bible and Bonhoeffer on Race and Suffering in America.” In Akande, A, ed., Handbook of Racism, Xenophobia, and Populism. Springer Handbooks of Political Science and International Relations. Springer, Cham, 2022.

Heuser, Stefan. “The Cost of Citizenship: Disciple and Citizen in Bonhoeffer’s Political Ethics.” Studies in Christian Ethics 18:3 (2005): 49-69.

Himes, Brant M. For a Better Worldliness: Abraham Kuyper, Dietrich Bonhoeffer and Discipleship for the Common Good. Foreword by Richard J. Mouw. Eugene, Oregon, Pickwick Publications, 2018.

Holder, Rodney D. “Science and Religion in the Theology of Dietrich Bonhoeffer.” Zygon 44:1 (2009): 115-132.

Hooton, Peter. “Gandhi, Bonhoeffer, and the Sermon on the Mount.” In Gandhi’s Truths in an age of Fundamentalism and Nationalism, edited by Sathianathan Clarke and Stephen Pickard, 129-149. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2022.

Housley, Kathleen L. “Daring to Do the Good: The Knight and the Theologian.” Image 89 (2016): 72-84.

Jodon, Cole. Discipleship and Unity: Bonhoeffer’s Ecumenical Theology. Lanham: Lexington Books, Fortress Academic, 2022.

Joglar, Ralph. “The Sacrificial Life and Prophetic Leadership of Dietrich Bonhoeffer.”  Dissertation, Fordham University. Research Commons, 2028. 

Jordan, Shayla A. “‘To Be Saved is to Be Gathered’: Bonhoeffer on Discipleship, the Extraordinary Christian Life, and Fighting Racial Injustice.” Journal of Scriptural Reasoning 18.1 (2019).

Kavka, Martin. “The Ego’s Good.”  Review of Charles Marsh, Strange Glory. A Life of
Dietrich Bonhoeffer. Journal of Scriptural Reasoning 18.1 (2019).

Kelly, Geffrey B. “‘Unconscious Christianity’ and the ‘Anonymous Christian’ in the Theology of Dietrich Bonhoeffer and Karl Rahner.” Philosophy and Theology 9:1 (1995): 117-149.

Kim, Hyun Joo. Bearing Sin as Church Community: Bonhoeffer’s Hamartiology. London & New York: T&T Clark, 2022.

Klausnitzer, Wolfgang. “Discovering the Presence of Christ in the World: Dietrich Bonhoeffer’s Contribution to the Discussion on the Authority of the Bible in the Church.” Ecclesiology  2:2 (2006): 155-166.

Klug, Ron, editor. 40 Day Journey with Dietrich Bonhoeffer. Minneapolis: Augsburg Books, Fortress Press, 2007.

Lashier, Jackson.  On Strangeness.” Review of Charles Marsh, Strange Glory. A  Life of Dietrich Bonhoeffer. Journal of Scriptural Reasoning 18:1 (2019).

Leibholz, Gerhard. “Memoir” [of Dietrich Bonhoeffer]. The Cost of Discipleship. Translated by R. H. Fuller, 9-28. London: SCM Press, 2015.

Loftin, Mac. Dietrich Bonhoeffer and Tanabe Hajine: Metanoia as Consent to Death.” Paper delivered at the American Academy of Religion Annual Meeting, Denver, November 2022.

Looper, Joel. Bonhoeffer’s America. A Land Without Reformation. Waco, TX: Baylor, 2021.

Lu, Htoi San. Integrating Body and Community: Engaging Dietrich Bonhoeffer and M. Shawn Copeland’s Ecclesiological Approaches.” Paper delivered at the American Academy of Religion Annual Meeting, Denver, November 2022.

Marsh, Charles. “Resisting the Bonhoeffer Brand: A Life Reconsidered.” The Other Journal.  An Intersection of Theology & Culture (March 19, 2021).

Matthews, John W. “Responsible Sharing of the Mystery of Christian Faith: Disciplina Arcani in the Theology of Dietrich Bonhoeffer.” The Bonhoeffer Legacy. An International Journal 8:2 (2020): 77-97.

Mawson, Michael. “The Stumbling Block and the Lynching Tree: Reading Bonhoeffer’s Christology with James Cone.” Paper delivered at the American Academy of Religion Annual Meeting, Denver, November 2022.

Moses, John A. “Dietrich Bonhoeffer as Conspirator Against the Hitler Regime: The Motivation of a German Protestant Revolutionary.” War and Society 17:1 (May 1999): 25-40.

Moses, John A. “Bonhoeffer was a Revolutionary, but was he a Democrat?” In Florian Schmitz and Christiane Tietz, eds., Dietrich Bonhoeffer’s Christentum: Festschrift für Christian Gremmels, 194-207. Gütersloh: Gütersloher Verlagshaus, 2011.

Muers, Rachel. “The Ethics of Stats [Statistics].” Journal of Religious Ethics 42:1 (2014): 1-21.

Nation, Mark Thiessen. Discipleship in a World Full of Nazis: Recovering the True Legacy of Dietrich Bonhoeffer. With contributions from Scott McKnight and Stanley Hauerwas.  Eugene, Oregon: Cascade Books/Wipf and Stock, 2022.

Newell, Roger J. “Bonhoeffer: Pacifism and Resistance Revisited with help from Karl Barth.”  George Fox University School of Theology, Faculty Publications, December 2022.

Newell, Roger J.  “Dietrich Bonhoeffer: To Seize the Wheel Itself.”  In Keine Gewalt! No Violence! How the Church Gave Birth to Germany’s Only Peaceful Revolutionm 15-25. Eugene, Oregon: Wipf & Stock, 2017

Nissen, Ulrik Becker. “The Christological Ontology of Reason.”  Neue Zeitschrift für Systematicsche Theologie und Religionsphilosophie 48:4 (2007): 460-478.

Nissen, Ulrik. “Dietrich Bonhoeffer,” In Søren Dosenrode, editor, Christianity and Resistance in the Twentieth Century: From Kaj Munk and Diedrich Bonhoeffer to Desmond Tutu. Leiden: Brill, 2009.

Osborn, Ronald.  “The Church in Crisis: The Religionless Christianity of Dietrich Bonhoeffer.”, Spectrum (September 30, 2016).

Parsons, Preston David Sunabacka. “Who is Dietrich Bonhoeffer, for Us, Today? A Survey of Recent Studies of Bonhoeffer.” Anglican Theological Review 97:4 (Autumn 2015).

Parsons, Preston David Sunabacka. “Friendship and Interpretation in Eberhard Bethge, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, and John’s Gospel.” Canadian Theological Review 3:1 (2014).

Phillips, Jacob. “Dietrich Bonhoeffer the Londoner: A Discussion of the London Period 1933-1935.” Dietrich Bonhoeffer Jahrbuch 6.

Phillips, Jacob. “The Cup of Suffering: Dietrich Bonhoeffer’s Discipleship and German Expressionism,” in Erik Tonning, editor, Christianity, Modernism and Apocalypse, Studies in Religion and the Arts Series. Brill Publications, 2014.

Phillips, Jacob. “Heteronomy and Conscience in the Third Reich in Joseph Ratzinger and Dietrich Bonhoeffer.” In Joseph Ratzinger and the Healing of the Reformation-Era Divisions, ed. Matthew Levering and Emery de Gaal. Steubenville: Emmaus Academic,  2019.

Phillips, Jacob. “Having to be thus: On Bonhoeffer’s Reading of Goethe’s Iphegenia in Tauris.” Oxford Journal of Literature and Theology 32:3, (2018): 357–370.

Plant, Stephen. “Theological Education and Christian Formation in Conversation with Dietrich Bonhoeffer’s Life Together.” Colloquium. Australian and New Zealand Association of Theological Schools 47 (2015): 180–94.

Pribbenow, Brad. Prayerbook of Christ: Dietrich Bonhoeffer’s Christological Interpretation of the Psalms. Lanham: Lexington Books/Fortress Academic, 2018.

Radler, Karola. “The Ambiguity between ‘Personality’ and ‘Person’ in Dietrich Bonhoeffer’s Theology.” Scriptura: Journal for Biblical, Theological and Contextual Hermeneutics, 121:1 (2022): 1-13.

Rayson, Dianne. “Time and Space in the Kingdom of God: Exploring Bonhoeffer’s Worldly and Earthly Christianity in the Anthropocene.” International Journal of Public Theology (March 22, 2022): 89-101.

Repinski, Marvin. “War, Veterans and Bonhoeffer.” Austin Daily Herald. May 27, 2022

Ringma, Charles R. Seize the Day with Dietrich Bonhoeffer: A 365 Day Devotional. Colorado Springs: NavPress, 2000.

Robinson, David S. “How is the Coming Generation to Go On Living? Bonhoeffer’s Ethics of Preservation Amid the ‘Sixth Extinction’.” Paper delivered at the American Academy of Religion Annual Meeting, Denver, November 2022.

Robinson, David S. “Princes of the Church: Two Kingdoms Resistance in Friedrich Schleiermacher and Dietrich Bonhoeffer.” Journal of Church and State (July 2022).

Robinson, Marilynne. “Dietrich Bonhoeffer. Watching with Christ in Gethsemane.” In Susan Bergman, editor, Martyrs: Contemporary Writers on Modern Lives of Faith, 155-168. San Francisco: HarperSanFrancisco, 1996.

Rodriguez, Rubén Rosario, editor. “Bonhoeffer in Latin American Liberationist Christianity and Theology.” In T&T Clark Handbook of Political Theology, 193-210.London and New York: Bloomsbury, T&T Clark, 2020.

Rudin, James. “Dietrich Bonhoeffer: A Jewish Perspective.” Unpublished paper, American Jewish Committee, 1988. (See also 1987 Hamburg presentation in Floyd and Green, Bonhoeffer Bibliography: Primary Sources and Secondary Literature in English, 114.)

Scheffler, Burckhard, et al. Booklet for the Dietrich Bonhoeffer Berlin-City Tour. Bonhoeffer Haus, Berlin, 2000.

Schlingensiepen, Ferdinand. “Foreword to the Revised Edition.” In Reggie Williams, Bonhoeffer’s Black Jesus. Harlem Renaissance Theology and an Ethic of Resistance, ix-xiv. Waco, Texas: Baylor University Press, 2021.

Scott-Blakely, Nicholas. “The Legacy of Anti-Judaism in the Works of Dietrich Bonhoeffer.” Bulletin of the Association of the Friends and Sponsors of the Martin Buber House.  Abbreviated online version of original in Journal of Scriptural Reasoning 18.1 (2019).

Shetler, Brian and Ryan MacLean. “Bonhoeffer’s Luther Bible.” Lutheran Quarterly 36.3 (2022): 322-331. 

Ulrich, Hans G. “Ethical Life: The Form and its Forms according to Bonhoeffer: The Bonhoeffer Phenomenon and the Grammar of his Theology.” In Brian Brock, editor, Transfigured, Not Conformed: Christian Ethics in a Hermeneutic Key. London and New York: T & T Clark, 2022.

United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. “Dietrich Bonhoeffer,” in Holocaust Encyclopedia.  https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/search?query=Dietrich+Bonhoeffer. 

Valčo, Michal. “The Value of Dietrich Bonhoeffer’s Theological-Ethical Reading of Søren Kierkegaard.” European Journal of Science and Theology 13:1 (2017): 47-58.

Van den Heuvel, Steven C.  “Discerning the Role of the Church in Relation to Economic Life: A Perspective from the Theology of Dietrich Bonhoeffer.” International Review of Economics 66:3 (2018): 249-263.

Van den Heuvel, Steven C. “The Concept of Nature in Bonhoeffer’s Creation and Fall as a Resource for Developing an Evangelical Ecotheology.” The Bonhoeffer Legacy. An International Journal 8:2 (2020): 43-60.

Vander Tuig, Adam. “A History of the Anthropocene in a Single Cheap Thing: Bonhoeffer, Cheat Grace, and the Future of the Planet.” Paper delivered at the American Academy of Religion Annual Meeting, Denver, November 2022.

Verhagen, Koert. “Becoming a Disciple of the Counter Logos: Bonhoeffer’s Confrontational Christology and the Death of White Supremacy” (2018). https://www.academia.edu/42124844/Becoming_a_Disciple_of_the_Counter_Logos_Bonhoeffers_Confrontational_Christology_and_the_Death_of_White_Supremacy

Vosloo, Robert.  Review of Dianne Rayson, Bonhoeffer and Climate Change: Theology and Ethics for the Anthropocene.  The Bonhoeffer Legacy. An International Journal 8:2 (2020): 99-101.

Williams, Reggie. “In The Wake: Reading Bonhoeffer at the Door of No Return.” Lutherische Theologie und Kirche: Vierteljahreszeitschrift für eine an Schrift und Bekenntnis 44 Jahrgang (2020): 207-223.

Williams, Reggie L.  “Christ-Centered Concreteness: The Christian Activism of Dietrich Bonhoeffer and Martin Luther King Jr.” Dialog: A Journal of Theology 53.3 (2014): 185-194.

Williams, Rowan. “Dietrich Bonhoeffer (1906-45): Freedom, Necessity and Glory.” In Luminaries: Twenty Lives that Illuminate the Christian Way. London: SPCK, 2019.

Williamson, Rene De Visme. Politics and Protestant Theology: An Interpretation of Tillich, Barth, Bonhoeffer and Brunner. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1976.

Ziegler, Philip G.  “Analogia Liberationis—Divine and Human Freedom in Bonhoeffer’s Theology.” Theologica Wratislaviensia (2022).